Who commands the National Guard during federal service?

• A. Private citizens
• B. State Governors
• C. The President
• D. Local law enforcement

Answer: (C)

The National Guard operates under dual control, meaning it can function under both state and federal authority. When the National Guard is called into federal service, it comes under the command of the President of the United States. This is defined by the Constitution and federal law, which grants the President the ability to mobilize the National Guard to support federal operations, respond to national emergencies, or engage in other duties as deemed necessary. This command structure allows for a quick and coordinated response at the federal level, particularly during times of crisis or war.

In contrast, when operating under state authority, the National Guard is under the command of the state governors. However, the moment they are federalized, the governance shifts to the President, highlighting the significant role the federal government plays in military and emergency response during national crises.